Posted on November, 14 2024

Lahore, 14 November 2024: “It is now clear that toxic smog has reduced air quality to hazardous levels, posing a threat to public health, the economy, and the environment. Inaction on this issue will exacerbate the current crisis, and lead to further health complications, economic losses and environmental degradation”. This was stated by WWF-Pakistan in a letter to the Prime Minister of Pakistan and Chairperson of the Pakistan Climate Change Council Mian Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif on Thursday. 

The letter outlined immediate and long-term measures to control the smog crisis, which has engulfed several cities across the country. WWF-Pakistan called for declaring smog a ‘national health emergency’ with immediate effect. It urged the Prime Minister to issue necessary orders to immediately remove high-emission vehicles from the roads to curb the current crisis. The organization called for the immediate closure of polluting industries and emphasized the need to extend the regulations of the ‘Green Lockdown’ to other areas of Lahore and to other highly-polluted cities. It also called for halting construction activities during the peak of the smog season, including the closure of brick kilns. 
WWF-Pakistan and its associated team of environmental experts have been closely monitoring the situation, its causes, and its impact, and previously published a comprehensive set of recommendations to address the issue before it reached its current, critical state. With the onset of the autumn season, smog has become the most pervasive environmental and health concern for the citizens of Pakistan. In collaboration with the IQAir Foundation, WWF-Pakistan is currently operating the largest network of low-cost air quality monitoring devices in the country, covering 15 cities. These devices have repeatedly reported AQI levels exceeding 1,000 in several cities in Punjab, with particulate matter regularly surpassing WHO guidelines by 30-40 times. 

Commenting on the smog issue, Hammad Naqi Khan, Director General, WWF-Pakistan said that the government must take immediate, bold and decisive actions to address this emergency. The worsening air quality and persistent smog is a serious issue not only for the people and the environment, but also for the economy. He appreciated the government’s efforts to tackle the smog issue, but stressed on the implementation of stricter actions in letter and spirit. “In the long run, there is a need to promote electric vehicles, enhance sustainable development models, segregate industrial zones, expand the mass transit network and switch to renewable energy sources,” he added. 
Proposing long-term measures, WWF-Pakistan suggested for transition to Euro V or Euro VI fuel quality standards and accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in Pakistan, especially two and three-wheelers, to significantly reduce vehicular emissions which are the leading contributor to fine particulate pollution. It also stressed the expansion of the public transport network in metropolitan centres, and urged the government to scale green financing, subsiding alternatives to burning of crop residue. 

Low-cost air quality sensors measure pollutants like PM1.0, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and O3 and can help identify pollution hotspots across the country. WWF-Pakistan strongly recommends the widespread use of these sensors to monitor air quality to inform smog-control measures.  “The urgency of the situation cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts the health of millions of Pakistanis”, the letter stated.